This investment contract and similar contracts were signed with this motivation in mind. At the time of signing, the UK`s GDP was three times larger than China`s, so one could forgive the lack of foresight on the part of British politicians regarding the content of the treaty. The center-left Social Democrats, the second largest political group in the House, said Beijing must lift sanctions to reach an agreement. The S&D group “will make the lifting of Chinese sanctions against MEPs a condition for the Parliament to start discussions on an EU-China investment agreement,” the group said in a statement. First, it`s important to address a common misconception. The IAC is not a free trade agreement (FTA). It is an international investment agreement that follows the tradition of bilateral investment treaties (BITs). BITs are fundamentally different from SLAs. Free trade agreements aim to liberalize international trade – in its various forms – through tariff reductions, market access obligations and a wide range of trade-related regulatory provisions. BITs, on the other hand, are intended to regulate the treatment of established foreign investors by host States and to prevent discriminatory and uncompensated expropriations.
So how does the CAI compare to existing international investment agreements? First, it does not contain traditional language about post-establishment treatment and standards of protection such as “complete protection and security” or clauses on “fair and equitable treatment”. Instead, a level playing field for European investors after their creation must be created by provisions prohibiting forced technology transfers, increasing the transparency of subsidies, state-owned enterprises and administrative procedures. The IIA Navigator will be continuously adapted following the review with UN Member States and their comments. It is mainly based on information provided by governments on a voluntary basis. A contract is included in a country`s IIA statement once it is formally concluded; Contracts whose negotiations have been concluded but not signed are not counted. A contract will be excluded from the IIA`s account once its termination takes effect, whether or not it continues to have a legal effect on certain investments during its “expiration”. In the case of contract replacements, only one of the contracts between the same parties is counted. Depending on the situation, the counted treaty may be “old” if it remains in force until the ratification of the newly concluded IIA. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the content, UNCTAD assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions in such data. The information and texts contained in the database are provided for informational purposes only and have no official or legal status. In case of doubt about the content of the database, it is recommended to contact the relevant government department of the state(s) concerned. Users are invited to report any agreement, error or omission via the online contact form.
IIA Mapping Project The IIA Mapping Project is a collaborative initiative between UNCTAD and universities around the world to map the content of IIAs. The resulting database serves as a tool to understand trends in IIA development, assess the prevalence of different policy approaches, and identify examples of contracts. The “Mapping of IIA Content” allows you to search through the results of the previous project (the page is updated regularly when new results are received). Please cite as: UNCTAD, IIA Content Mapping, available at investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/iia-mapping For more information: Mapping project page Project description and methodology document It is not surprising that after a decade of cuts in local government budgets, executives at decentralized and regional levels warmly welcome any foreign investment and are not inclined to ask difficult questions about their source. to be provided. UNCTAD`s Work Programme on International Investment Treaties (IIAs) actively supports IIA policymakers, government officials and other stakeholders in reforming the IIA to make it more conducive to sustainable development and inclusive growth. International investment rules take place at the bilateral, regional, interregional and multilateral levels. It requires that policymakers, negotiators, civil society and other stakeholders be well informed about foreign direct investment, international investment agreements (IIAs) and their impact on sustainable development. Main objectives of UNCTAD`s Work Programme on IIAs • Reform of the International Investment Treaty (IIA) Regime to strengthen its sustainable development dimension; • Provide a comprehensive analysis of the main issues arising from the complexity of the international investment regime; • Develop a wide range of instruments to support the formulation of more balanced international investment policies.
Second, the CAI does not contain ISDS provisions that allow investors to claim compensation if the EU or China fails to comply with the above obligations. It only provides for arbitration between states if the EU and China do not agree on the interpretation and application of the agreement. Third, CIM includes a schedule for manufacturing and services that is open to foreign investment. Fourth, it contains a formulation of “best efforts” for sustainable development, including the ratification of the International Labour Organization conventions on forced labour and the implementation of the Paris Agreement. In summary, the CAI is an investment agreement, but unusual one that differs from conventional BITs in important aspects. Late last year, China and the EU agreed on a new investment agreement, the Comprehensive Investment Agreement (CIA). Robert Basedow examines the content of the deal and assesses the lessons the UK can learn from the negotiations as it tries to build its own relationship with China after Brexit. At the same time, consideration should be given to revising the investment contract. London`s approach to developing Asian trade and discussing relations with ASEAN, dealing with the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is admirable and useful, although somewhat slow in its development. However, if the UK does not cooperate properly with China, then the EU will and has done so despite its own political differences with Beijing. Brussels has achieved a pragmatic balance, unlike London, and is stuck in a kind of self-created no man`s land.
Following Beijing`s continued crackdown on pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong, British politicians have rightly criticised the EU for rewarding China with an investment deal, but in the future, British parliamentarians` time would have been better spent reviewing the UK`s investment deal, leaving much to be desired. Looking at the continued level of Chinese-backed investment in Britain, it becomes clear that the death of the “golden age” in terms of simple economic investment is greatly exaggerated, even as diplomatic relations between Britain and China have cooled. In addition, they often provide for the application of standards of treatment and protection through the (inconclusive) approach to investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), which allows foreign investors to circumvent allegedly biased legal systems and courts in host countries. Finally, very few modern investment treaties also contain commitments to investment liberalization. .